It entered service with the Russian Army in 1992. The T-90 was designed and built by Uralvagonzavod, in Nizhny Tagil, Russia. Standard protective measures include a blend of steel and composite armour, smoke grenade dischargers, Kontakt-5 explosive reactive armour (ERA) and the Shtora infrared anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) jamming system. It uses a 125 mm 2A46 smoothbore main gun, the 1A45T fire-control system, an upgraded engine, and gunner's thermal sight. The T-90 is a third-generation Russian main battle tank developed to replace the T-72. Steel-composite-reactive blend APFSDS: 550 mm + 250–280 mm with Kontakt-5 = 800–830 mm USD 2.5 million in 1999, USD 2.77–4.25 million in 2011 (varies by source) ġ,400 units of T-90S/SM built in India under licenseĤ6 tonnes (45 long tons 51 short tons) (T-90)Ĥ6.5 tonnes (45.8 long tons 51.3 short tons) (T-90A)Ĥ8 tonnes (47 long tons 53 short tons) (T-90SM)
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